Conclusions The cytotoxicity exerted on HGFs by e-cigarettes fluids is not entirely ascribable to nicotine. Since the e-cigarettes are advertised as a safer alternative to traditional ones, especially for the possibility of “smoking” nicotine-free fluids, further studies are necessary to clarify the mechanism involved in the occurrence of cytotoxicity exerted by such compounds. Clinical relevance Our results suggest a role for e-cigarette fluids in the pathogenesis of oral diseases, such as periodontitis. (Source: Clinical Oral Investigations)
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